{"id":446,"date":"2023-10-30T14:01:28","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T06:01:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.talktop.cn\/?p=446"},"modified":"2025-01-01T14:24:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-01T06:24:46","slug":"springmvc%ef%bc%9a%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%baweb%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e7%9a%84%e5%bf%85%e5%ad%a6%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.talktop.cn\/?p=446","title":{"rendered":"Spring MVC\uff1a\u6784\u5efaWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5fc5\u5b66\u6846\u67b6"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spring MVC\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eServlet API\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u7aef\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u59d4\u6d3e\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spring MVC \u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ec6\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbeSpring MVC\u7684DispatcherServlet\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9<code>HandlerMapping<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u59d4\u6d3e\u7ed9\u7531<code>HandlerMapping<\/code>\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de<code>ModelAndView<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u542b\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u89c6\u56fe\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u89e3\u6790\u89c6\u56fe<\/strong>\uff1a<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u5c06<code>ModelAndView<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9<code>ViewResolver<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6e32\u67d3\u89c6\u56fe<\/strong>\uff1a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u9875\u9762\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86MVC\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c6\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u9996\u5148\u5230\u8fbe<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a<code>HandlerMapping<\/code>\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e94\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a<code>ModelAndView<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a<code>ViewResolver<\/code>\u6765\u6e32\u67d3\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u53ca\u6e90\u7801\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DispatcherServlet<\/strong>\uff1a\u524d\u7aef\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5728<code>DispatcherServlet.doDispatch()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u59d4\u6d3e\u7ed9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HandlerMapping<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5e94\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>RequestMappingHandlerMapping<\/code>\u67e5\u627e\u5e26\u6709<code>@RequestMapping<\/code>\u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Controller<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de<code>ModelAndView<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de<code>ModelAndView<\/code>\u6216\u4f7f\u7528<code>@ResponseBody<\/code>\u8fd4\u56deJSON\/XML\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ViewResolver<\/strong>\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u903b\u8f91\u89c6\u56fe\u540d\u79f0\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>InternalResourceViewResolver<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790\u5230JSP\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Model<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u89c6\u56fe\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aMap\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u56de\u7b54<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: Spring MVC\u548cStruts\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A: Spring MVC\u662fSpring\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0eSpring\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5982\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u3002Struts\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684MVC\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548cAPI\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u9075\u5faaMVC\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: \u5982\u4f55\u5728Spring MVC\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff1f<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A: \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>@ExceptionHandler<\/code>\u6ce8\u89e3\u6216\u5b9e\u73b0<code>HandlerExceptionResolver<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f<\/strong><code><strong>ModelAndView<\/strong><\/code><strong>\uff1f<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A: \u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e\u548c\u89c6\u56fe\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u6765\u544a\u8bc9<code>DispatcherServlet<\/code>\u5982\u4f55\u54cd\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u53ca\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(1)<strong>Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Spring MVC\u6784\u5efa\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>@Controller\n@RequestMapping(\"\/users\")\npublic class UserController {\n\n    @Autowired\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    @GetMapping(\"\/{id}\")\n    public ModelAndView getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {\n        User user = userService.findById(id);\n        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(\"userDetail\");\n        mav.addObject(\"user\", user);\n        return mav;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>(2)<strong>RESTful Web\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>@RestController<\/code>\u548c<code>@RequestMapping<\/code>\u6784\u5efaREST API\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>@RestController\n@RequestMapping(\"\/api\/users\")\npublic class UserApiController {\n\n    @Autowired\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    @GetMapping(\"\/{id}\")\n    public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {\n        return userService.findById(id);\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406 Spring MVC\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eServlet API\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u7aef\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662fDispa 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